What does fronthaul and backhaul mean?

What does fronthaul and backhaul mean?

Mobile backhaul refers to the transport network that connects the core network and the RAN (Radio Access Network) of the mobile network. Recently, the introduction of small cells has given rise to the concept of fronthaul, which is a transport network that connects the macrocell to the small cells.

What is a fronthaul connection?

Fronthaul, also known as mobile fronthaul, is a term that refers to the fiber-based connection of the cloud radio access network (C-RAN), a new type of cellular network architecture of centralized baseband units (BBUs) and remote radio heads (RRHs) at the access layer of the network.

What is LLS C3?

The LLS-C3 configuration specifies that both O-RU and O-DU implement slave clocks and fronthaul switches connected to a grandmaster for clock source. The specification does not state whether the fronthaul switch should integrate boundary clock.

What is fronthaul Midhaul and backhaul in 5G?

So, Fronthaul refers to the link between the RU and DU, while Midhaul refers to the link between the DU and CU, and lastly the Backhaul is representing the link between the CU and the core network.

What is fronthaul in Oran?

Fronthaul is defined as the fiber-based connection in RAN infrastructure between the Baseband Unit (BBU) and Remote Radio Head (RRH). Fronthaul originated with LTE networks when operators first moved their radios closer to the antennas.

Why is backhaul important?

Wireless backhaul strengthens this connection and provides last-mile aggregation. Rather than jumping through many hoops to reach the internet, there is direct access, as these wireless networks can deliver hundreds of data streams and enable efficient and unbound throughput for data, video and voice.

What is fronthaul multiplexer?

The 5G FHM is equipment having a multiplexing function for splitting and combining a maximum of 12 radio signals on the fronthaul. It was developed in conjunction with the 5G service rollout the same as RRU (Photo 4).

What is 5G backhaul network?

What is 5G Backhaul? The backhaul of a network consists of links from the core network to subnetworks. In 5G, the mobile network must be linked to the wired network through the backhaul. Thus, 5G backhaul refers to the signal between the 5G core and remote sites or networks.

What is the meaning of backhaul?

Definition of backhaul (Entry 1 of 2) 1 : the return movement of a transportation vehicle from the direction of its principal haul especially transporting a shipment back over part or all of the route.

What is 5G Oran?

O-RAN 5G. Disaggregation is essential for 5G deployment and evolution, enabling mobile operators to open the RAN network and leverage multi-vendor solutions. Open RAN provides new avenues for RAN customization and flexibility that are commensurate with the diversity of 5G use cases and requirements.

What is a PTP grandmaster?

Selecting a PTP Grandmaster The timing source in the network is generated by a PTP Grandmaster, a network element with an integrated GNSS receiver that sends PTP timing packets throughout the network. There are several key elements one needs consider when selecting a PTP Grandmaster.

What is PTP and SyncE?

PTP differs significantly from SyncE in that a protocol (specified in IEEE1588 v2) is used to deliver the timing to the edge of the network. This immediately overcomes the problem in SyncE of requiring every hardware device to be upgraded. In PTP the packets can traverse the network just like any other protocol.

What is difference between CPRI and eCPRI?

The Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) is an interface that sends data from remote radio units to base station units. Enhanced CPRI (eCPRI) is a way of splitting up the baseband functions to reduce traffic strain on the fiber. Currently telcos use CPRI interface as fronthaul connection in 4G.

What is Cpri in telecom?

CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) is a specification for wireless communication networks that defines the key criteria for interfacing transport, connectivity and control communications between Baseband units (BBUs) and remote radio units (RRUs), which are also called remote radio heads (RRHs).

What is U plane and C plane?

The C-plane carries control (signaling) traffic, and the U-plane transports user data.

What are the plane available on open fronthaul?

The open fronthaul interface connects the O-DU and open radio unit (O-RU). It breaks down into the management plane (M-Plane) and the control user synchronization plane (CUS-Plane).

How much faster is wired backhaul?

With one exception, downloads were always faster when using the Ethernet backhaul. In one room, the download speed increased by 50%. Uploads were consistently faster, in all rooms, due to the Ethernet backhaul.

Is wireless backhaul slow?

Compared to its wired counterpart, wireless backhaul router offers slow transfer speeds due to its lower maximum bandwidth. Also, it shares the network spaces between users, which also slows the transmission down. Wireless backhauls are more prone to interference when compared to wired backhauls.

Is backhaul important for mesh WiFi?

In a mesh system, only traditional Tri-band hardware with an additional 5GHz band can have a dedicated backhaul band. Generally, it’s best to use a network cable for backhauling — that’s wired backhaul. In this case, a hub can use all of its Wi-Fi bandwidth for front-hauling.