How do you calculate transportation problems?

How do you calculate transportation problems?

To solve a transportation problem, the following information must be given:

1. m= The number of sources.
2. n= The number of destinations.
3. The total quantity available at each source.
4. The total quantity required at each destination.
5. The cost of transportation of one unit of the commodity from each source to each destination.

How do you calculate north west corner rule?

Step 1: Select the upper-left cell, i.e., the north-west corner cell of the transportation matrix and assign the minimum value of supply or demand, i.e., min(supply, demand). Step 2: Subtract the above minimum value from Oi and Di of the corresponding row and column.

How is VAM method calculated?

Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM) is one of the methods used to calculate the initial basic feasible solution to a transportation problem. However, VAM is an iterative procedure such that in each step, we should find the penalties for each available row and column by taking the least cost and second least cost.

How is MODI method used in transportation problem?

Now draw a loop starting from the new basic cell. Assign alternate plus and minus sign with new basic cell assigned as a plus sign. Select the minimum value from allocated values to the cell with a minus sign. Subtract this value from the cell with a minus sign and add to the cell with a plus sign.

How do you calculate transportation?

What is transportation problem with example?

The transportation problem is a special type of linear programming problem where the objetive consists in minimizing transportation cost of a given commodity from a number of sources or origins (e.g. factory, manufacturing facility) to a number of destinations (e.g. warehouse, store).

What is north east corner method?

North East Corner Method. By applying North East Corner Method the allocations are obtained as follows: The initial basic feasible solution is given by X12 = 10, X13 = 30, X21 = 10, X22 = 40, X31 = 60. The total cost associated with these allocations = 12 × 10 + 9 × 30 + 4 × 10 + 5 × 40 + 11 × 60 = 1290. 4.2.3.

What are the 8 steps of algorithm for north west corner method?

Numerical

1. Step 1: Balance the problem. …
2. Step 2: Start allocating from North-West corner cell. …
3. Step 3: Remove the row or column whose supply or demand is fulfilled and prepare a new matrix. …
4. Step 4: Repeat the procedure until all the allocations are over.

What is north west corner method steps?

North West Corner Rule It has three steps: Find the north west corner cell of the transportation tableau. Allocate as much as possible to the selected cell, and adjust the associated amounts of supply and demand by subtracting the allocated amount. Cross out the row or column with 0 supply or demand.

What is LCM & VAM?

North West Corner Method (NWCM) , Least Cost Method (LCM) and Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM) are the classical methods for solving transportation problems and are well discussed in all the operation research books. NWCM was introduced by Charnes in 1953, VAM was introduced by Reinfeld and Vogel in1958, LCM.

How is transport cost calculated?

The transportation expenses will be calculated either by volume or weight of the cargo.

1. Weight/Mesurement (W/M) W/M is a common phrase used in logistics. …
2. Breakpoint Calculation. …
3. Sea Freight Rates. …
4. Terminal Handling Charges. …
5. Delivery. …
6. Drop Off Costs. …
7. Costs of Customs Clearance. …
8. Dimensional weight air freight.

What is Vogel’s method?

A method for finding a first feasible solution to a transportation problem. The procedure begins by finding the two lowest cost cells for each row and column in the transportation problem array.

How is UI and VJ calculated in transportation?

Step 1: Set u1 = 0. = ui + vj for occupied cells. Step 3: For unoccupied cells (i,j), the reduced cost = cij – ui – vj. Step 1: For each unoccupied cell, calculate the reduced cost by the MODI method.

What is the difference between stepping stone method and MODI method?

In the stepping stone method, we have to draw as many closed paths as equal to the unoccupied cells for their evaluation. To the contrary, in MODI method, only closed path for the unoccupied cell with highest opportunity cost is drawn.

Why MODI method is applied?

The MODI (modified distribution) method allows us to compute improvement indices quickly for each unused square without drawing all of the closed paths. Because of this, it can often provide considerable time savings over other methods for solving transportation problems.

How do you calculate rate per km?

Let’s say, for example, that your trip computer (or the manufacturer’s website) says your specific car uses 8.0 litres of fuel per 100km. The actual formula to get km per litre is 100 divided by 8 = 12.5, meaning that your car will give you 12.5 km on one litre.

How do you calculate freight factor?

How to Calculate Freight Density for Shipping

1. Multiply the three measurements (height x width x depth). The result is the total cubic inches of the shipment. …
2. Divide the total cubic inches by 1,728 (the number of cubic inches in a cubic foot). …
3. Divide the weight (in pounds) of the shipment by the total cubic feet.

How do you calculate tons per km?

Net ton-kilometers are computed by multiplying the weight of the cargo and its packaging in tons by the distance in kilometers. Gross ton-kilometers are calculated by adding to the weight of the cargo and packaging the weight, in tons, of the means of conveyance, for example, a railroad car, truck, or barge.