What is the procedure of FNAC?

What is the procedure of FNAC?

Overview: FNAC or Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology involves using a thin, hollow needle to remove samples of cells from tissue or fluid in an organ or a lump. This is usually done to identify the type of cells inside a lump found in the breast or a gland in the neck, like the thyroid gland.

Which staining is used for FNAC?

MGG stain is performed on air-dried material and is preferred for an accurate evaluation of the cytoplasm and background. Cells generally appear larger than they are stained with Papanicolaou. H&E has similar advantages and disadvantages as Papanicolaou staining, but it is less used in cytology ( c).

How many methods of FNAC are there?

For the spreading, there are two methods that are widely used and recommended for different types of material. The “one-step method” is preferred for scant and dense material, like the one taken from the majority of breast solid masses. The “two-step method” is used mostly for liquid and hemorrhagic material.

Which syringe is used for FNAC?

Concerning the needle size for thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), 25-27-gauge needles are generally used in Western countries. However, in Japan, the use of larger needles (21-22-gauge needles) is common.

What is difference between biopsy and FNAC?

The sampling and biopsy considered together are called fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) or fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) (the latter to emphasize that any aspiration biopsy involves cytopathology, not histopathology). Fine-needle aspiration biopsies are very safe minor surgical procedures.

How do you take FNAC test?

The needle may have a syringe attached during FNAC biopsies. When a syringe is used, suction is applied to allow more material to be obtained. The needle is inserted and drawn in and out for a period of about five seconds and then withdrawn. The material is then smeared on a glass slide.

What are the indications of FNAC?

Indications of FNAC are: primary liver cancer, se-condary liver cancer, deep hepatic hemangioma, hepatic abscess, circumscribed fatty liver, and cystic tumor or cancer of liver.

Can FNAC be done twice?

It was found that the overall diagnostic results improved after repeating the FNAC. It can be concluded that repeating FNAC is useful and should be considered under some circumstances, especially in the case of non-diagnostic cervical lymph node aspirates.

What happens if FNAC is positive?

What happens if the FNAC test is positive? A positive FNAC test does not necessarily indicate cancer. Your doctor may recommend additional tests to establish a final diagnosis based on your medical history, complaint, signs and symptoms, and clinical examination.

How long is FNAC test?

The entire procedure from start to finish generally takes around 20 to 30 minutes if ultrasound is used.

How long is FNAC report?

Generally, your results should be available from your surgeon’s office in two to three working days.

Who can perform fine needle aspiration?

The biopsy may be performed by your doctor, a pathologist, or a radiologist. A pathologist is a doctor who specializes in interpreting laboratory tests and evaluating cells, tissues, and organs to diagnose disease. A radiologist is a doctor who specializes in diagnosing disease using imaging tests.

What size is a fine needle?

Fine needle aspiration requires a small needle (22- gauge or smaller). A 23 gauge needle (1-1.5″) is successful for most palpable masses. Slightly larger gauge needles work better in breast, dense fibrous tissue, and fatty lesions (benign breast nodules, lipomas, etc.).

What is 25 gauge needle?

The length of a needle is listed after the gauge number. For example, 25G ½ refers to a 25 gauge, ½ inch-long needle. Longer needles (½ inch or longer) are commonly used for intramuscular injections, while shorter (shorter than ½ inch) needles are more often used for intravenous injections.

What size needles are used for FNA?

FNA needles are available in three sizes: 19 gauge, 22 gauge, and 25 gauge.

Which is more accurate biopsy or FNAC?

Studies carried out by Homesh NA et al., Usami S et al., to compare CNB & FNAC have reported very high sensitivity (91–99%), specificity (96–100%), positive predictive value (100%), and negative predictive value (100%) for CNB which are better than results for FNAC for both palpable and nonpalpable lesions [20,21].

Can FNAC detect malignancy?

FNAC of lymph nodes is a very useful and simple tool in the diagnosis of lymph node malignancies. It may be the only tool in the diagnosis of metastatic lesions in the lymph nodes and can help to detect occult primary malignancies.

Is FNAC test accurate?

Overall, the sensitivity of FNAC diagnosis was found to be 95.2%, specificity was 68.4%, positive predictive value was 83.3%, negative predictive value was 89.6%, and accuracy was 85.14%.